Causes of Lung Cancer - 2486 Words

Discuss the causes of lung cancer Lung cancer is one of the most dangerous diseases which make most of the people suffer. Lung cancer has been noted by the Canadian cancer Society (2010) as the most leading one which affected both male and female in 2010 and out of 24,200 Canadians, 20,600 of them died of lung cancer. Like any other types of cancer, lung cancer is basically caused due to the abnormal growth of cells in one of the body parts, lungs. Although the role of genetics is not very popular in lung cancer but the history of lung cancer in families will lead to the high risk of getting lung cancer. Moreover if they were your parents, siblings or child then the chances of getting it is more. Genetics are becoming the most†¦show more content†¦It leads to the bad health because people breathe that polluted air. The air we breathe now is dangerous because it may lead to lung cancer because of three reasons which is from the exposure of radon gas, dangerous mineral such as asbestos, air pollution, and seco nd-hand smoke. One of the problems comes from the exposure to radon gas. Radon gas is a radioactive gas which is present in the soil and it comes out from the crack on the wall or seep of the building. Usually it comes out from the granite. According to emedicine health (n.d.), radon gas is the second lead which causes lung cancer next to smoking. The gas also can be emitted from the uranium. So, this dangerous gas is very harmful to the lungs, and people are usually not aware of the existence of it. That gas is also dangerous when it was combined with smoke of cigarette and inhaled. The risk of getting lung cancer will increase since these two gases are the major cause of lung cancer. The other environmental factor is the exposure to dangerous mineral which is asbestos, and other harmful substances. Although asbestos is a natural mineral that is mined from the earth, but still it is harmful when it is inhaled. Its particles have an effect to create lung cancer. Furthermore, if the particles are combined with the cigarette smoke it will become even more harmful to lung and highly increase the risk of acquainting lung cancer. People tend to face this material during work. So, theyShow MoreRelatedLung Cancer : Causes And Effects1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe leading cause of cancer death for both men and women in the United States and worldwide is lung cancer. Lung cancer is responsible for thirty percent of cancer deaths in the United States. The deaths caused by breast cancer, colon cancer and prostate cancer combined do not add up to the deaths that lung cancer causes. In 2007, 158,683 people, 88,243 men and 70,354 women died from lung cancer in the United States (Eldridge, 2012). Out of the 158,683 people that died from lung cancer in 2007, 135Read MoreLung Cancer : The Leading Cause Of Cancer Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortalities in the world. An astounding average of 1.6 million deaths occur due to lung cancer yearly (1). Lung cancer is classified into two types: small cell and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), where 85% of lung cancer cases are NSCLC. NSCLC has several different histologic subtypes, some of which are: squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. Of the three, adenocarcinoma accounts for more than 50% of NSCLCs, makingRead MoreWhat Causes Lung Cancer?1587 Words   |  7 Pages What Causes Lung Cancer besides Smoking Many of us believe that cigarettes are main causes of Lung cancer however lung cancer can be caused by exposure to asbestos, high levels of air pollution, high levels of arsenic in drinking water, Radiation therapy to the lungs, Radon gas (radioactive gas) or Family history of lung cancer. Lung cancers it can also affect non-smokers (Secondhand smoke) as result of breathing .Every year, more people die of lung cancer than any other types of cancer such asRead MoreLung Cancer : What Causes It?1420 Words   |  6 PagesLung cancer is any type of cancer that begins in the lungs, although it is still considered lung cancer after it spreads to other parts of the body. Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the U.S. and worldwide. Forty percent of people will be diagnosed with lung cancer within their life span. Lung cancer, as with all cancers, is very complex, so the best way to comprehend it is to break it down into easily analyzed topics. The first topic that must be an alyzed is cancer as a whole-whatRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pages Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancer known throughout the world. The most common suspect of that is smoking, then what happens to the people who inhales the smokers’ smoke? Are they also at risk for developing lung cancer from being a victim? The answer to that right now is that secondhand smoke alone is just a risk factor, there are no evidence right now that currently show that secondhand smoke alone can cause lung cancer by itself. This means that we need to encourage studies that areRead MoreThe Leading Causes Of Lung Cancer1350 Words   |  6 PagesCenter September 2, 2014 The Leading Causes of Lung Cancer State Standard: 6.4.A Cancer is a disease that plagues millions of people annually (â€Å"Lung†). Lung cancer develops when healthy cells in the lungs are compromised by chemicals, pathogens, or radiation (Henderson). In the early twentieth century, before cigarette smoking and toxic man-made air pollutants became more commonplace, lung cancer was relatively rare (Henderson). It is now the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, resulting in anRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer985 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The second leading cause of death in the United States as of 1933 is cancer .During this period advancements took place in treatment of infectious diseases such as pneumonia and influenza. Cancer, in turn, took its place and is a chronic illness that has no known cure. There are many different types of cancer that affects different parts of the body but lung cancer is the leading cancer killer in the United States . Cancer of the lungs also known as pulmonary carcinoma is caused by aRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer1612 Words   |  7 Pagespercent. In addition, since emphysema is said to be one of the causes of lung cancer, it can be said that smoking is also related to lung cancer. As is well known, currently, there are no effective treatment for cancer. Smoking habit is the main cause of lung cancer. The probability of a smoker becoming lung cancer is said to be about ten times more than that of a non-smoker. Also, smoking hurts their own DNA, that is, the risk of lung can cer extends to offspring. There may be people who think smokingRead MoreCauses And Consequences Of Lung Cancer Essay2203 Words   |  9 PagesLung cancer has increased within the past decade; one of the biggest reasons is that more and more people smoke now than they have in the past. Smoking causes damage not only in the lungs, but also in the body, lips, or inside the mouth. Even though smoking does harm your body there are some good things that come from smoking. Such as it can lower the risk of obesity, and knee replacement surgery. There is different types of lung cancer one for smoking and the other, nonsmoking. Although peopleRead MoreCauses And Consequences Of Lung Cancer1781 Words   |  8 PagesLung Cancer? Blood Cancer? Bronchitis? COPD? All these familiar and terrifying words have one root in common- Smoking. 9 out of 10 smokers’ first smoke is at the age of 18 and 99% try it by the age of 26(Centre for Disease Control and Prevention). Each day about 4000 y ouths tries cigarettes for the first time (Haugen,2004). Even after being aware of the ill effects of the so-called ‘cool thing’, smokers cannot stop themselves after their first smoke. Teenage smoking had declined steadily from 1990

How Media Has Become A Big Influence For Teenage Cosmetic...

Ever looked at someone and thought how could their nose be so perfect? Or any of their features? According to the AMA Journal of Ethics, â€Å"In recent years, more than 223,000 cosmetic procedures were performed on patients 18 years of age or younger, and almost 39,000 were surgical procedures such as nose reshaping, breast lifts, breast augmentation, liposuction, and tummy tucks.† Among today’s society, outside beauty and staying forever young are the newest trends. Today, a devastating amount of American teenagers choose to alter their body in order to fit the unrealistic standard of physical attractiveness created by our beauty-obsessed culture. Media has become a big influence for teenage cosmetic surgeries. Magazines, social media, and television have portrayed teens from all over to want to look like these celebrities. Teens from all over feel the pressured to look â€Å"pretty† just to fit in with the peers around them. America is known to be beauty obse ssed and as time goes on, plastic surgery will not only increase in adults but greatly in teenagers as well. On some circumstances, plastic surgery in teenagers may be appropriate, but only if it s used for necessary purposes. For example, some surgeries in little kids are needed if lets say, they had nasal problems. Rhinoplasty can actually help cure that specific problem. Nowadays, teenagers abuse the whole concept of plastic surgery because they are so pressured to look what they think society wants them to look like.Show MoreRelatedTeenagers and the Plastic Surgery Epidemic Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"beautiful† from the media, peers and even parents. Teenagers are going to extreme lengths to reach this physical perfection, but when it comes down to it, just how far is too far? The numbers of teens going through with plastic surgery is startling and will continue to rise as America falls in to a beauty obsessed epidemic. The most drastic method used for mega alterations among teenagers is plastic surgery. There are two types of plastic surgery: reconstructive and cosmetic (Monohan). ReconstructiveRead MoreOnly 5% of women in the United States naturally posses the body type portrayed in the media.( )1100 Words   |  5 Pagesposses the body type portrayed in the media.( ) Everyday young women and teens are surrounded by media, whether its magazines, television, radio, or newspapers. The media has a big impact on our every day lives and can take a negative toll. Teens and young women look up to the women that they see and hear about in media. They see different haircuts, outfits, and different body types that influence them, and the people in charge of media know this. The media portrays dangerous and unrealistic idealsRead MoreTeen Plastic Surgery2711 Words   |  11 PagesTeen Plastic Surgery Cosmetic plastic surgery has been increasing rapidly in the medical field, and making its way to the top of the beauty spectrum when it comes to what is important. Teenagers, especially adolescent girls, have been exploring the new ways to enhance their external appearance, and not with just lipstick and eye shadow. In the past three decades, surgeons, magazine editors, and book authors have been investigating the consequences, good and bad, of having cosmetic surgery at such aRead MoreU.s. Media And Entertainment Industry Essay1785 Words   |  8 Pagesmovies and have even listened to American singers. We affect countries more than we think. United States of America has been a world super power nation since the end of world war two and has influenced many nations since. This influence has extended beyond economic and political influences. America’s influence has reached to how other countries picture beauty. This influence has been labeled as westernization. According to the dictionary of Cambridge, westernization means to fill with qualitiesRead MoreDangers Of Peer Pressure On Girls1345 Words   |  6 Pagesuse eyeshadows. (â€Å"Pretty-Pressure: Girls-it pays to be pretty, but not too pretty.†) So even though social media is showing off beautiful women to give good advertisement, girls are being affected by constantly feeling down and wanting to fit into society and be accepted and seen as perfect, they hate themselves for not being pretty enough as celebrities that have gone through many surgeries to get that perfect image, and some cases have led to issues such as depression, cutting, eating problemRe ad MoreBarbie the Teenage Fashion Doll Essay examples1212 Words   |  5 Pagesnamed Ruth Handler was watching her daughter play with dolls. In the 1950’s, girls of all ages only had paper or cardboard dolls to play with and preferred to play with cut outs of teenagers and adult dolls. So, Ruth Handler thought to make The Teenage Fashion Doll for older girls, as a three dimensional doll, called Barbie, named after her daughter Barbara (Heppermann 2010). However, Mrs. Handler met resistance when she went to her husband with the idea, and he didn’t think her idea would workRead MoreAdvertisement Is An Essential Part Of Our Social Life1248 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertisement has become an essential part of our social life: it tells us what to buy and what to reject, how to look and what to wear in order to remain in the center of attention. Underestimating the power of advertisement is illogical and selfish, it does have an immense influence on our consciousness and s ubconsciousness. It is impossible to deny that we live in the era of consumerism: we earn money to buy things that define our personality. When the creators of Apple understood it they staredRead MoreThe Role Of Plastic Surgery For Young Adults2341 Words   |  10 Pagessense of taboo when even considering plastic surgery for adults alone, let alone for young adults. Now though, when speaking of plastic surgery in the modern day and age it is part of the common culture for adults as well as young adults due to the rise in influence through celebrities, media, and pop culture. Susan Gilbert speaks of this growing change of opinion stating In the United States, 205,119 teenagers aged eighteen and younger had cosmetic interventions in 2007, up from 145,094 in 2000Read MoreEvaluate Beauty: Appearance or Inner Self1180 Words   |  5 Pagesculture. If we all had the same type of culture, cultural diversity would become nonexistent, and the world would be a very boring place. Therefore, people should be determined based on what they contribute to their culture, not by their appearance. Naheed Mustafa, a Muslim woman, wears a hijab because in their culture, it gives back women s ultimate control on their bodies. (104). According to Mustafa: Wearing the hijab has given me freedom from constant attention to my physical self. BecauseRead MoreOutline on the Effects of Reality Tv Essay examples2040 Words   |  9 PagesOutline: Research Paper: Reality TV and its influence on the younger generation I. Introduction A. Media has a huge impact on how people truly see themselves, particularly in women and young female teens. Reality television has made the standards of beauty quite high these days and there is a definite change in society’s view on what is truly beautiful. Turning off the TV has simply become too hard when it comes to reality TV shows 1. Turning into their favorite movie star is becoming

List Nine Elements That Directly Impact The Work...

Kelleher (1996) list nine elements that directly impact the work environment: excessive workload, inadequate time to complete the assigned task, poor supervision, uncertain organizational climate, insufficient authority to meet job responsibilities, unclear responsibilities or job functions, philosophical differences between the organization and employee, unexpected or significant change at work or at home, and unanswered or unresolved frustrations. Mental Health Employees who are angry with their manager or company, who fear an imminent termination, or who are just unhappy in a job may resort to violence. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and many state laws prohibit discrimination against employees based on actual or perceived disability. Mental illness is included within the definition of disability. It is unlawful to fire someone solely because he or she has a mental illness. An employer also must reasonably accommodate employees with disabilities—including those who are mentally ill—to allow them to perform the essential functions of their job. But the law does not excuse misconduct. (Hoey, 2013) Employees though not to discriminate must notify an employer if they are threatened, intimidated or have fear of being in the workplace. The employer will have a reason to dismiss the violent employee must be based on objective facts, not fear or conjecture. Psychological Manners In some of my readings, the psychological mindset has been identified as a drivingShow MoreRelatedUnit 5011V1 Essay6930 Words   |  28 PagesRecruitment and selection 1 Understand the Impact of both the law and organisational procedures on the process of recruitment and selection 1.1 Summarise the legal instruments impacting on staff recruitment and selection 1.2 Identify organisational procedures and processes that affect staff recruitment and selection 1.3 Discuss fairness, objectivity and equality of opportunity as elements of recruitment and selections The major piece of legislation in the UK that impacts on staff recruitment and selectionRead MoreWorkplace Violence10377 Words   |  42 PagesCollection Process The Setting FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS Summary of Analysis Employment Process Termination Process Evaluate the Work Environment ii iii 1 3 4 8 9 9 10 13 15 18 18 19 22 23 24 25 27 iii Intervention Programs Education and Training Security Measures CONCLUSION Recommendation Additional Research APPENDICES Comprehensive list of Prevention Plan Elements Interview Instrument Behavior Risk-Incident Narrative (See original text) REFERENCES 28 32 34 35 36 37 38 40 45 52 Read MoreEquipped for Efficiency: Improving Nursing Care Through Technology12192 Words   |  49 PagesAdministration with Bar Coding Electronic Clinical Documentation Interactive Patient Technologies IV. Summary Appendices: A: Interviewees B: Vendors Endnotes ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼24 25 28 ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼ I. Introduction new teCHnologies Have tHe potential to Create a better work environment for inpatient nurses by improving the efficiency, safety, and quality of care. Advances include wireless communications, real-time location systems, delivery robots, workflow management systems, wireless patient monitoring, electronic medicationRead MoreDescribe How to Establish Respectful Professional Relationships with Adults52870 Words   |  212 PagesKingdom Construction Industry Final Report July 1994  © Crown copyright 1994 Applications for reproduction should be made to HMSO First published 1994 ISBN 0 11 752994 X Designed by Design, Drawing and Print Services DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT Foreword Constructing the Team ................................................. v Executive Summary ..............................................vii Chapter One Introduction and the Role ofClients ...............................Read MoreOperational Risk Management50825 Words   |  204 PagesAlternative Standardized Approach 4.3.7 Critical Assessment of the Standardized Approach and the Alternative Standardized Approach 4.4 Advanced Measurement Approaches 4.4.1 General 4.4.2 Qualifying Criteria 4.4.3 Recognition of the Risk-Mitigating Impact of Insurance and other Risk Transfer Mechanisms 5 Contents 4.4.4 Application of AMAs on a Group-Wide Basis 4.4.5 Authorization of AMAs by Competent Authorities 4.4.6 Partial Use of Several Operational Risk Approaches 4.4.7 Critical AssessmentRead MoreProject Management Infomaton System48477 Words   |  194 Pageswealth of information on every aspect of our work. We are by essence an organization that creates vast amounts of data, information and knowledge. We are an organization rich in methodologies, practices, implementation strategies, work methods and experiences. But at the same time we are a poor organization in terms of managing these vast wealth of resources. Every day CARE projects discover and apply new methods, practices and experiences in their work. All this knowledge stays isolated from theRead MoreSSD2 Module 3 Notes22142 Words   |  89 Pagescommander approves it. 4. TRAIN AS YOU WILL FIGHT Training for missions under an expected operational environment Understand the cultures in which you will operate; foreign cultures, non-Army cultures as those in other Services and government agencies Replicate cultural settings as much as possible during training Train as you will fight means training under an expected operational environment for the mission. It also means adjusting the levels of intensity and complexity to improve unit and leaderRead MoreCNPC CSR report25861 Words   |  104 PagesCorporation About the Report This is China National Petroleum Corporation’s seventh annual Corporate Social Responsibility Report since 2006. This report accurately represents what we did in 2012 to honor our commitments to the economy, the environment and society. It is important that we provide the following information: Reporting company: China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) Alternative reference: China National Petroleum Corporation is also referred to in this report as â€Å"CNPC†, Read MoreThe Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Absenteeism in a Selected Field Services Section Within an Electricity Utility in the Western Cape31415 Words   |  126 PagesCOMMERCE IN THE FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE NOVEMBER 2005 SUPERVISOR: Mr Karl Heslop 1 ABSTRACT Absenteeism - employees not showing up for work when scheduled - can be a major problem for organisations. As pressures increase on the budgets and competitiveness of companies, more attention is being given to reduce workplace absenteeism and its cost. Most research has concluded that absence isRead MorePrinciples of Management: MCQ31501 Words   |  127 Pages______________. a. assembly lines b. work denomination c. division of labor d. greatest common factor of work (c; challenging; p. 28) 34. Which of the following was a major result of the Industrial Revolution? a. cottage industry b. water power c. factory manufacturing d. critical thinking (c; challenging; p. 29) SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 35. Frederick Taylor performed most of his work in _______________. a. grape vineyards

Letter to child about personal success free essay sample

I am writing this letter in a hope that we will meet one day in the future. At this state I am a seventeen year old high school student. I have been given an assignment to write to my future child about personal success. To let you know right here at the beginning of my letter, I really believe that being a good parent is a sign of personal success. At this point I am not sure if I want to have a boy or a girl but I am certain that I have every intention of being a pillar of strength and support for my child. I know some people in their thirties that do not want to have children and I must say that I admire them for recognizing that parenting is not what they desire in their life. Do not let this contradiction confuse you. Knowing yourself and accepting yourself is a great success! As a seventeen year old teenager it is not easy to write about success especially to a future child. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to child about personal success or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My values and beliefs may change in the process of growing up – however I will try to honestly and truthfully describe my idea of being successful in life. I am convinced that first step to personal success takes place in your thought. It is important to believe in yourself and decide what important things that you desire are. My mom was determined to put a writing on the wall in my room that spells â€Å"go confidentially in the direction of your dreams†. She says that only limits to your dreams are those that you place in your mind. The more I think about it the more I agree. When I look at myself in the mirror I realise that the person staring back at me is the only person responsible for my personal success. I need to figure out my desires and learn to visualize them and work hard on developing plans how to achieve my desires. I have to fill my mind with positive thoughts and give my self-affirmation. This sounds very easy but let me tell you something my child, it is very complicated. Especially for a seventeen year old who changes his mind about everything quite frequently including his desires. All of us want to succeed in life, to accomplish something, to feel that we â€Å"won†. Some people see success in having a loving family, others in having a job that pays a six figure salary. Some people see success in stuff they own. At this point you are probably wondering what success means to me. A big bank balance might be nice to look at but I believe that it can never replace the love of family and friends or the sense of satisfaction gained by doing the work you enjoy doing. I believe that there is no single definition of personal success. Success is about living your best life and only you can say what that means. Defining personal success is up to you my child. I have intention of reading you this letter once you are my age. I honestly hope that my definition of success will not change since I am quite proud of my idea of success right now. So, my advice to you is to be open, honest, and true to yourself. Find what motivate you and go boldly after your desires. Your loving father, Name

Charles Dickens Essays (961 words) - Charles Dickens,

Charles Dickens Charles Dickens INTRODUCTION This report will talk about the life of a famous author, Charles Dickens. It will tell you about his early, middle, and later years of his life. It will also talk about one of his great works of literature. In conclusion, this report will show a comparison of his work to his life. EARLY LIFE Charles Dickens was born at Landport, in Portsea, on February 7, 1812. His father was a clerk in the Navy Pay-Office, and was temporarily on duty in the neighborhood when Charles was born. His name was John Dickens. He spent time in prison for debts. But, even when he was free he lacked the money to support his family. Then, when Charles was two they moved to London.1 Just before he started to toddle, he stepped into the glare of footlights. He never stepped out of it until he died. He was a good man, as men go in the bewildering world of ours, brave, transparent, tender-hearted, and honorable. Dickens was always a little too irritable because he was a little too happy. Like the over-wrought child in society, he was splendidly sociable, and in and yet sometimes quarrelsome. In all the practical relations of his life he was what the child is at a party, genuinely delighted, delightful, affectionate and happy, and in some strange way fundamentally sad and dangerously close to tears. 2 At the age of 12 Charles worked in a London factory pasting labels on bottles of shoe polish. He held the job only for a few months, but the misery of the experience remain with him all his life. 3 Dickens attended school off and on until he was 15, and then left for good. He enjoyed reading and was especially fond of adventure stories, fairy tales, and novels. He was influenced by such earlier English writers as William Shakespeare, Tobias Smollet, and Henry Fielding. However, most of the knowledge he later used as an author came from his environment around him. 4 MIDDLE LIFE Dickens became a newspaper writer and reporter in the late 1820's. He specialized in covering debates in Parliament, and also wrote feature articles. His work as a reporter sharpened his naturally keen ear for conversation and helped develop his skill in portraying his characters speach realistically. It also increased his ability to observe and to write swiftly and clearly. Dickens' first book, Sketches by Boz (1836) consisted of articles he wrote for the Monthly Magazine and the London Evening Chronicles.5 On April 2, 1836 he married Catherine Hogarth. This was just a few days before the anoucement that on the 31st he would have his first work printed in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. And this was the beginning of his career. 6 Then, at 24, Dickens became famous and was so until he died. He won his first literary fame with The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. Published in monthly parts in 1836 and 1837 the book describes the humorous adventure and misadventures of the English Countryside. After a slow start, The Pickwick Papers as the book was usually called gained a popularity seldom matched in the history of literature. 7 Then in 1837, Catherine's sister Mary, died. Because of her death Dickens' suffered a lot of grief. This led some scholars to believe that Dickens loved Mary more than Catherine. Catherine was a good woman but she lacked intelligence. Dickens and Catherine had 10 children. Then later in 1858, the couple seperated. 8 LATER LIFE,/b> His later years was basically consisting of two main additions to his previous activites. The first was a series of public readings and lectures which he began giving it systematically. And second, he was a successive editor. Dickens had been many things in his life; he was a reporter , an actor, a conjurer, a poet, a lecturer, and a editor and he enjoyed all of those things. 9 Dickens had a remarkable mental and physical energy. He recorded all his activites in thousands of letter, many of which made delightful readings. He spent much of his later life with crowded social friends from arts and literature. He also went to the theater as often as he could, cause he loved drama. Dickens also produced and acted in small theaters to give public readings of his work.10 Besides doing all this after his retirement he got involved in various charities . These charities included schools for poor children and a loan society to enable the poor to prove to Australia. 11 Then about 1865 his health started to decline and he died of a stroke on June 9, 1870.

buy custom Alzheimers Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 essay

buy custom Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 essay Introduction Alzheimers disease is a neurological brain disorder. It is named after a German physician known as Alois Alzheimer, who first noted it in 1906 from his patient Auguste Deter. It is the most common form of dementia. Dementia literally means loss of thinking. This disease is characterized with progressive memory loss, impairment of judgment, and decline in the ability to perform routine tasks, difficulty in learning, disorientation, loss of language skills, and personality changes. The loss of brain cells ultimately leads to the failure of other systems in the body (OTA report, 1987). The Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act was enacted in 2009. The aim this act was to fund breakthroughs in Alzheimer's disease research while providing more help to caregivers and increasing public education about prevention. Policy Analysis The goals of the Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act of 2009 are captured in three titles which are clearly outlined in the policy. The first goal was to increase federal government commitment to Alzheimers research. The federal government intended to achieve this through: doubling its funding on research related to the disease; prioritizing research on the disease; having prevention initiatives; launching a national summit on Alzheimers disease and finally initiating research on Alzheimers disease care giving. The second goal was the prevention of Alzheimers disease and thus promotingpublic health. The federal government intended to achieve this through: enhanced public health activities related to cognitive health; launching Alzheimers disease public education campaign. The third major aim of this policy was to offer assistance for caregivers. These goals do not contravene any policies on public health and thus would be rendered legal (OTA report, 1987). A glance at the statistics stated in the policy at the time of its reading, show that the mechanisms that the federal government intended to adopt were the most satisfying. They were well capable even to meet the social problems that ensued in the county as a result of the Alzheimer disease. For example, the reason why there was then need to increase commitment in research and also find scientific ways to prevent or cure the disease was because a projection showed that by 2050, the number of individuals with the disease could reach 16,000,000. The mechanisms outlined at the time of the policy reading were adequate to combat the social problems that came as a result of the disease (World Health Organization, 2010). This policy cuts across all the ages affected by the Alzheimer. It considers the young who are least likely to be affected by the disease, those above 65 years and those above 85 years. It leaves no one out. It does not segregate against the rich or poor. In fact, the federal government has adopted the most socialist way of dealing with the problem. This policy promotes the general good of the society. This is because it offers a chance for all to be supported if not be treated as we all know this disease has no cure. It has no prejudice against the social or financial status of any individual. However, such a welfare policy does frequently crumble due to lack of necessary funding. This can be sidestepped by outlining and following a good financial support plan that engages the public (IOM, 2009). A look at how the policy was to be and is administered, there an obvious sense of adequacy and equity. However, this does not necessarily reflect today as score of patients have their bills not settled. Thus, though the federal government has documented intentions to take care of its entire affected population, it is not in a capacity to do so. The problem is obviously finances. From the data collected, if there is no increased funding then the policy might just crumble in the next few years. To achieve an improved quality of life among its targeted population, the federal government may want to seek more funding through other channels. One of the underlying values captured in this document is commitment. We see a nation committed to give life to it its citizens. There are careful, well laid out implementation strategies mentioned which if well exploited would be very beneficial. The target population though large and increasing by the day, the federal government has tried to met it with a higher number of staff. This value is well in line with the very essence of social justice. There is also an aspect of socialism, a political ideology, adopted in this policy. And thus far the government has put in place an estimated funding of up to the tne of $2 billion to meet it. The greatest befit from this policy is to them that are affected. It is not to the wealthy class alone but also to the poor. These results are part of that which this research sought to achieve. There is no result whatsoever unintended. Political feasibility Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 has had a wide range of support in the American community .The support has come from the government officials, the public especially relatives and care takers of the patients of Alzheimers disease, nongovernmental organizations and the international community. The support for the Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act of 2009 mainly came from the citizens who viewed the act as a breakthrough towards government involvement in finding the cure and apportioning part of the budget towards research for the cure to the disease and welfare support to those affected. The American citizens had a large power base since they had to elect members of congress in future elections .This held the politicians in affix since failure to support the act the politician would be viewed as an ant- reformist legislator to the medical sector which is a crucial sector of the country since it touches on the life of every citizen of the United states (Gingrich Egge, 2007). In the United States the passing of the Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 received a mixture of reactions from the citizens. For families with people affected and the medical staff involved in the treatment and care of the affected the act was a blessing since the recognition of the Alzheimer's disease as a major problem in the united states .This act had come to assist the researchers with the required monies towards cure which would bring to an end any further suffering to those affected by the Alzheimer's disease in the United states as well as the in other nations which share research information with the United states. In the passing of this act the American law makers put into consideration the less privileged, in terms of health in the American society. This furthered the agenda of equity in the American society through creating a rule that caters for the plight of the patients their caretakers and caters for the research towards the disease. The passing of the Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 also faced some criticism from the American society concerning the resulting impacts of the research findings once administered on the patients. Some parties viewed the search for the cure of a widely spreading disease in the United States could result to the mutation of the disease causing microorganisms resulting to more resistant strains. There was also some critics who viewed the amount of cash spent on the research of the Alzheimer's disease would strain other sectors of the American society causing undesirable effects to the rest of the population. According to ethical universalism the act is unethical (World Health Organization, 2010). In the American states the policy supports the prevailing norms by encouraging the care of less privileged and the sick in society. This pushes forward the United States agenda of providing equal opportunity to all citizens. This also helps to test the welfare awareness of the government and the level of commitment towards the implementation of policies improving peoples welfare. Alzheimer's breakthrough Act 0f 2009 merges with the current government systems, social and political climate which is mainly aimed at solving the internal problems in the United States as well as solving foreign problems. This has ensured the American legislators have unwavering support from their electorate (Gingrich and Kerrey, 2009). Economic Feasibility Apart from Alzheimers disease being a social burden to the US, it is also an economic one as well. The cost of taking care of an individual suffering from this disease is becoming overwhelming. The minimum level of funding needed to implement this policy is also far over stretching. For the fiscal year 2010, the federal government needed $2, billion, and such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2011 through 2014. These would be for the purpose of conducting and supporting the research on Alzheimers disease and other related activities as envisaged in under subpart 5 of part C of title IV of the Public Health Service Act (World Health Organization, 2010). The figure stated above is just but the minimum. An estimate as at 2010 showed that it would cost the nation more than $172 billion in health care, long-term care, and hospice services. This funding does not exist in the first place. The number of people providing unpaid care for their loved ones with AAlzheimers is more than 10.9 million. Including g the indirect cost skyrockets the annual cost high enough to potentially bankrupt the nation's entire health care system. In future there would be need to raise more funds from the public to offer support to the failing budget. There is also need to recruit more caregivers as their ratio to that of the patients is disturbing. There would also be need for support from the public in the subsequent years to persuade Congress for additional Alzheimer funding. Administrative Feasibility Part of the plan in the policy was to establish Alzheimers call center. This was meant to provide assistance to the caregivers. The CommentsClose CommentsPermalinkthe call ThhhhthetrjkgkvkeCall Centers are accessible 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, at the national and local levels. Their role is to provide information, care consultation, expert advice and referrals regarding Alzheimers disease. The staffs are professionally trained and this alludes to the overwhelming success thus far. They possess the necessary skills, expertise and the resources as the federal government was to appropriated $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, and such sums as may subsequent years through to 2014.CommentsClose CommentsPermalink The staffs are very supportive and passionate towards the delivery of this policy. The challenge is that they are few in number compared to the number of individuals suffering from Alzheimers disease. They are out rightly the best suited for the delivery of the policy since they give individualized attention to each patient. This is evident as there are medical facilities from the national to community level. The caregivers have performed an important role in supporting the patients and with the necessary and sufficient leadership much could be obtained from them. Recommendations The Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 provided an opportunity for the United States to overcome some of the problems facing the citizens. This act however was not conclusive since the Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 required re-evaluation to adequately meet the needs of the involved parties in the United States .The recommendations to this policy include; The Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 requires to re-evaluate the level of funding the government is to provide. This will help find a conclusive solution to the problem hence reduce the economic strain on the United States economy since the cost of Medicare for a patient over the age 65 with the Alzheimer's disease is virtually three times that of a beneficiary devoid of the disease. The increased funds to the Alzheimers disease research might be expensive in the short-run but in the long-run the united states economy will see less of the funds go to Alzheimers Medicare (OTA report, 1987). The United States government should strictly analyze the production of any drug produced from the research findings .This is to ensure the drugs created do not undermine human rights and human dignity. The United States government should ensure all tests carried out do not result to complications in the human mind. The research should also include effects to third parties such as new born babies to parents treated of the drugs developed. This will ensure the new generation of people does not suffer the accumulated effects of the drugs causing more harm than good in the future. Politically such critical analysis of the problem will help create political mileage for the electorate since the legislators will have portrayed responsibility to the American society(World Health Organization, 2010) The United States government organizations should educate the citizens on the findings from the research initiated by the Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009.This will help boost the confidence of the American society. This will happen since the American society will have knowledge on how the funds resulting from the policy directives are being utilized (OTA report, 1987). The Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 should also include provisions for the creation of specialized institutions to provide specialized care to the Alzheimers patients. This will help improve the quality of services provided towards countering the disease in the United States. The Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 should also provide for public scrutiny of the effects of the resulting drugs for the disease as well as the components of the curative drugs. This will promote high levels of accountability by the government and drug producer companies. This will translate to improved welfare of the American population. Buy custom Alzheimer's Breakthrough Act 0f 2009 essay

Ways that Can be Used by Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ways that Can be Used by Organization - Essay Example To understand this theme of freedom of thought, it is important to understand what freedom of thought entails. It entails the freedom that an individual has to consider a fact, thought or viewpoint irrespective of the viewpoints of other people in the society. It is important in the democratic constitutions today which protect this freedom. However, it is difficult to suppress this freedom of thought since it is impossible to know what an individual is thinking about unless they choose to disclose it. Despite this, freedom of thought is limited via censorship, burning of books and propaganda discouraging it all together. If individuals hold their freedom of thought, then it becomes easy for them to express themselves whenever they find others taking advantage of them in any way. In Mahfouz, Head, Marquez, there is this story on the answer is no. there is this teacher who had been abused as a small girl by the mathematics tutor that her father had designated for her. This tutor was over twenty-five years older than her and he promised to come back and marry her when she became of age. True to his words, he had kept his promise. He came back and proposed to her but she rejected. She was now more knowledgeable than she was years ago when the teacher abused her. She wondered whether the man was after her money now than she was successful and independent. The mere feeling of a man almost her father’s age abusing an innocent little girl disgusted her. She could not marry her despite her mother’s advises that fell on a deaf ear. More suitors came forward for her hand but she kept on rejecting them. This is one story that shows the aspect of independence of thought. Now that she had come of age, the teacher could now make her own decisions. She could not allow her weaknesses define her. She fought hard to ensure that she capitalized on her strengths and worked on her weaknesses to ensure that she became an independent young lady.